A rebel leader blamed his own infidelitySourced
After a defeat, a Javanese leader wrote about more than battlefield tactics.
Prince Diponegoro's rebels lost heavily at Gawok in 1826 during the Java War. In his later account, he partly blamed the defeat on his own sexual infidelity shortly before the battle. That was his interpretation, rather than evidence of a military cause.
A memoir can reveal guilt as well as events.
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Battle of Gawok · Wikimedia contributors
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Reviewed: 2026-10-01